Plural Nouns

Формиране на множествено число:

кога	ед. число	мн. число	промяна
в повечето случаи	daughter girl tree photo	daughters girls trees photos	добавяме -s
думата завършва на -s -sh -ch -x -o (не винаги)	class brush watch box potato	classes brushes watches boxes potatoes	добавяме -es
думата завършва на "съгласна+y" ако преди "y" има гласна, просто добавяме -s	family city country key play	families cities countries keys plays	"y" се превръща в "i" и добавяме -es
думата завършва на -f или -fe изключения от това правило, при което само се добавя -s: cliff, chief, cuff, roof	thief wife knife	thieves wives knives	-f/fe се превръща в -ves
неправилни форми	man woman child person tooth foot goose ox mouse penny	men women children people teeth feet geese oxen mice pence
някои думи от гръцки или латински произход	crisis bacterium formula	crises bacteria formulae	запазват първоначалното си множествено число

Особени случаи

Съществитлени, които:
1. нямат множествено число. Това са неброимите съществителни.

2. са винаги в множествено число (нямат единствено)
- неща, които се състоят от две части: jeans, knickers, panties, pants, pyjamas, shorts, tights, trousers, and underpants; pincers, pliers, scissors, shears, tongs; sneakers; glasses (spectacles), binoculars.
These trousers are not mine.
Pliers are a handy tool.
My garden shears trim the hedge very well.
My glasses are used only for reading.
Ако искаме да ги преброим, използваме "чифт" ("a pair of"):
That's a nice pair of trousers.
I need a new pair of stainless steel scissors.
Have you brought only 2 pairs of socks on a two-week trip?
- които обозначават група предмети, животни или хора: annals (pages of books of history), archives, arms (weapons), ashes (of a dead cremated body), bowels, brains (intellect), clothes, contents, customs (duty), earnings, fireworks, funds (money), genitals, goods, guts (bowels, courage), looks (външност)(e.g. She has got attractive looks), manners (in the expression ‘good manners’), odds (in the expression ‘heavy odds’), outskirts, pains (e.g. to take pains), premises (building), remains, riches (wealth), stairs (e.g. a flight of stairs), surroundings(environment), thanks, troops, tropics (тропици), valuables, wages, proceeds, tidings, nuptials, drawers
Earnings in the agricultural sector have increased by 5% in the fourth quarter.
- които изглеждат като форма за единствено число, но винаги се използват в множествено: police, cattle
The police are here.

3. изглеждат като множествено число но всъщност са в единствено:
- завършващи на -ics: Athletics, economics, gymnastics, linguistics, mathematics, mechanics, numismatics, physics, politics and pyrotechnics
Economics was my favourite subject at school.
Mathematics was never easy for Tom.
- заболявания като mumps, measles и др.:
An infectious illness, mumps was common among children.
- размери, суми и др., които се приемат за една цяла единица:
One hundred years is a century.
Ten kilometres is a long distance.
Twenty dollars is not enough to buy a good shirt.
Seven days in prison is all he got for shoplifting.
- други: news, dominoes, billiards, darts
The good news is that we have all been invited.
Billiards is a game which connects mathematics and football.

4. имат една и съща форма за единствено и множествено число
- примери: bison, buffalo, craft, deer, duck, fish, moose, pike, plankton, salmon, sheep, squids, wine, trout

- завършват на -s:

series	A series of burglaries has been going on around the neighbourhood.	What are your favourite TV series?
species	A new species of bird has been discovered in Indonesia recently.	Since the 17th century, more than 500 marine species have become extinct in the US.
means	The bicycle is a means of transport.	The five human senses are our means of communication with the material world.

Още примери: barracks, crossroads, headquarters, means, series, species, works (= factory), Swiss

- други са т. нар. collective nouns (събирателни съществителни), които макар че имат множествено число, понякога във формата си за единствено могат да се възприемат или като едно цяло или като сбор от индивиди. В първия случай глаголът след тях е за единствено число, а във втория - за множествено. Например:

family	My family is big.	His family were against his plans.
audience	The audience (as a whole, it) was captivated by the performance.	This channel's target audience (the people who are targeted, they) are young adults.
team	Our team (it) is playing today.	The team (they, the people on the team) arrived home today.

Още примери за такива са: board, committee, community, crew, crowd, government, group, jury, staff.